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Suppose a glass vessel A measuring exactly 1 cc. to be
immersed in sea-water of l.osso sp. gravity at 0°. The
weight of the vessel and likewise of the displaced volume of
water must be exactly
1.0280 gr.
If we substitute sea-water of I.0279 sp. gr. instead of the
original liquid, the weight of the displaced water (supposing
the temperature constant and the instrument to occupy its
former position), which tends to lift the vessel, is also I.0279
gr. instead of I.0280 gr. The difference
O.0001 gr.
makes A sink to the next mark »b» on its scale, where it
attains a new’ state of equilibrium.
Now we could produce
exactly the same effect, by raising
the temperature of vessel and
liquid simultaneously. The
dilatation of 1 cc. of glass for
every centigrade is
g = O.00002753
(see the preceding paper).
Consequently the volume of A
at + Io C is
1.00002753 CC.
The volume of sea-water, which
is displaced by A at + Io C weighs
1
1.00002753 X 1.0280 —
_____________________________ if x denotes the volume of 1 cc.
- — of sea-water (of 0° C) at + Io C.
This weight, which tends to lift
the instrument, is inferior to the
weight of A (= 1.0280 gr.) if x > 1.00002753. The difference
, , 1.0280 1.0280 ,
1.0280 – 1.00002753 – — = —— (X– 1.00002753)
makes the vessel A sink deeper in the fluid. By equalling
this quantity to the weight O.oooi gr., which is nècessary in
order to produce an appreciable effect, i.e. make the
instrument sink to the next mark, we may form an idea as to the
influence exercised by the temperature, at which the
areo-metric experiment is performed, upon the exactness of the
specific gravity
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