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As may be seen from the hydrographic map [plate 24] a
channel of deep water extends along the west side of the
Waigateh island and the southern part of Novaya Zemlya,
containing at its bottom water of about the same saltness and
temperature as the deep western basin of the Kara Sea. The
question naturally arises, if there be any communication
between the cold and salt water at the bottom of the sea, east
and west of the Novaya Zemlya and Waigateh islands. The
only way, in which this might take place would be through
the Kara strait, since the Yugor Shar is not deep enough to
allow any intercourse between the deeper strata. Besides,
direct observations show, that the water at the bottom of the
Yugor strait has a temperature above zero.
Yugor Shar 2ml August 1875.
Depth. Temperature. Saltness [anal, by Ekmanj.
0 m. + 4°.2 C 2.65 p. c.
5.3 m. + 1°.7 C ––-
35 m. (bottom) + 0°.6 C 3.24 p. c.
In want of direct determinations of the saltness and
temperature of the bottom-strata in the Kara strait, I can only
try to settle this question by referring to the discovery of
Liitke, 1 that a stream of cold water is flowing constantly
from the Kara strait northward along the western coast of
Novaya Zemlya. Midden dor ff writes: -
»An die Westküste Novaja Semlä’s prallt der Golfstrom
nicht unmittelbar an, sondern er wird von dem Lande durch
einen beispielsweise 00 nautische Meilen breiten Küstenstreif
kalten Wassers (wir beobachteten 6°.i, bis 401/-2) geschieden,
welches einer tiefen Thalfurche im Meeresgründe entspricht,
von der wenigstens die Siidbälfte Nowaja Semlä’s umgürtet
wird.»
Strange to say, the Vega-observations from the 29th and
30th July, 1878, seem to bear out quite an opposite result. In
the following table the observations of the Vega-expedition
from the 25th July, the day of departure from Mageroe, until
the 30th July, when she anchored at Chabarova in the Yugor
strait, are enumerated.
’ Viermalige Reise durch das nördliche Eismeer.
2 Der Golf-strom ostwärts vom Nordkap, Geogr. Mitth. 1871. At the
western side of this deep-water channel, Middendorf found the
temperature at the bottom to be -+- 0’.8 ; at the eastern (at Kostin Schar) = + 2°.4 R.
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