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deep basin in the western part of the Kara Sea along the
coast of Novaya Zemlya ought to be entirely separated from
the deep sea east of Cape Tcheljuskin, from which a deep channel
is supposed to extend between the aforesaid continents to the
vicinity of the north pole. It is true, that the depth of the
sea increases abruptly immediately east of Cape Tcheljuskin,
but we can see from section V (plate 24) that a little more
to the east it decreases again to about 60 metres, the same
depth, which was found at the Taimur coast a few miles
northwest of Actinia Bay [see section IV], Moreover, the
temperature and the saltness of the water at the bottom of the sea
east of Cape Tcheljuskin [t = —1°.4 C or —1°.2 C, saltness
= 3.45 p. c.] is almost identical with that of the deeper strata
of the western basin of the Kara Sea [t = — l°.s C, saltness
= 3.49 p. c.]. We could as well fancy the bottom of the shallow
sea north of the Obi and Yenisei to be formed by the’ deposits
from these rivers as to be a submarine plateau connecting
the northern part of Asia with an unknown continent,
But, if there is very little in the Vega observations to
strengthen the hypothesis of Mr. Hovgaard, there is on the
other hand nothing, which is absolutely contradictory to it,
so we must be content to hope, that this question will be
settled soon in a satisfactory manner by the Dijmphna-expedition.
The opinion, that the »polynia» of the Siberian Sea is a
branch of an open arctic ocean, unfrozen even in winter, has
received an irreparable shock by the experiences of the
Jeannette-expedition. Still there is full evidence from the
Vega observations of the fact, first observed by Wrangel,
that the ice of the Siberian Sea breaks up partly on several
occasions in the course of every winter. The 31st December,
1878, Lieutenant Bove 1 made an excursion to a large clearing
in the ice, which had formed in the course of the previous
day. He found the temperature of the water to be — 2° C,
which proves that the open water was not due to any melting
1 »In altre sei o sette occasioni e sempreche spirarono tempeste dal
sud-est o dal sud-ovest, aprironsi bacini al nord della posizione della Vega.*
. . . . »Era un vastissimo bacino ehe si perdeva verso 1’est e verso il nord,
mentreche all’ovest era limitato da alto catene di hummocks» ....
>Mon-tammo su di una collina di ghiaccio per avere una piu chiara idea del bacino
d’acqua che avevamo in cospetto; ma anche dall’allto di quell’osservatorio
non potemmo vedere l limiti di quella piccola Polynia» .... »Trovammo
la temperatura dell’acqua a — 2° e diversi scandagli ci diedero ’un ’altezza
di fondo di 24 a 2-5 metri.
Giacomo Bove: Spedizione Artica Svedese 1878—79.
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