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404 CARL SKOTTSBERG.
America finding its analogy, not in the arctic regions, but in North
Europe and its alpine regions.
On the map in Drude’s atlas (14) we find the old antarctic
realm of Hooker divided into »Pacifischer Küstenstreich von
Patagonien» and »Antarktische Inseln». The substance of Drude’s
description (15) is about the following: on p. 451 he says that
south of 40° S. Lat. there commences a new flora, which would
correspond to the boreal, if there existed a great continent; now,
such a one is wanting, and consequently we only find widely
dispersed fragments of an antarctic flora; such is the case in South
America, where the antarctic species run northwards along the
Cordillera; moreover, we find them in southern, mountainous New
Zealand, in Tasmania, in the alps of southeast Australia and on
various islands. If we look a little closer into Drude’s exposition,
it would seem as if he used the term »antarctic flora» rather in
order to designate a floristic physiognomical group of species, occurring
here and there under certain conditions, than as a geographical
dominion. When dealing with the species common to Australia
and New Zealand he writes (p. 491): »sehr gering, da nur
hauptsächlich solche Sippen übereinstimmen, welche als antarktisch (d. h.
in diesen Breiten austral-montan)im Berglande der Inselgruppe
einerseits und auf Australiens Alpen oder noch häufiger in
Tasmanien andererseits gemeinsam vorkommen.» Among his vegetable
dominions Drude has as number 20 »Hochanden und australes
Südamerika», and as 21 »Antarktische Inseln», reminding us much
of Grisebach’s antarctic South America and Oceanic islands. Of
the ten regions included under 20, only 9 and 10 belong to the
»antarctic» South America, viz. » Magellanische Buschwaldregion»,
up to a height of 550 m. and »Antarktische Hochgebirgsregion»
from 550 m. It is obvious that Drude finds only the alpine regions
of Fuegia to be deserving of the title »antarctic». To separate
them from the forests below is, at least for one who has studied
the Fuegian flora, an impossibility. Drude’s antarctic islands
comprehend four groups: i. Falkland Islands and South Georgia; 2.
Antarctic formations in New Zealand, Auckland, Campbell and Macquarie
Islands; 3. Amsterdam and St. Paul’s Islands; 4. Kerguelen with
Marion, Crozets, Heard and Macdonald Islands, - a classification
which with some few exceptions must be considered as very successful.
AlbofF says, on the position of Fuegia, that it lies »presque
dans les régions antarctiques» (1, p. 7). On p. 12 he discusses
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