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supervision for this purpose. We doubt whether proprietors
would like such supervision by their neighbours.
It is a matter for congratulation that the Finnish
legislators have not adopted the clauses of certain
new Swedish laws passed for the Island of Gotland
and the north coast of Sweden, which forbid the
exportation of wood of small size. The best forestry
demands the thinning as well as the cutting-down of
shut-in, badly-developed trees. To fell the trees over
an entire area is not considered good policy; but we
must repeat that it is bad economy to leave
badly-grown, stunted trees. Yet to make the business pay
requires good management in the felling, transport,
and sale of the trees, and this is often best obtained
when the work is done on a large scale. Frequently
it is necessary to construct roads, lay down rails and
use light movable tramways, which are a serious affair
for the small proprietor, and it is doubtful whether
the committee is right in trying to stop exploitation
on a large scale. At all events it seems a mistake
thus to restrict private enterprise. The Finlanders
are perhaps less hostile to the intervention of
middlemen than certain other more prejudiced nations, but
even they complain of the middlemen buying forest
lots to re-sell to third parties. They hardly sufficiently
realise the benefits of commerce, or understand that it
is only trade which gives value to the forests. It is
not sufficient for the forest to exist; the owners must
know how to sell it, to collect the scattered material,
and to take advantage of the movements of the market.
In Finland, as in Sweden, the purchase and tenure
of forests and forest property by joint-stock companies
has been spoken of as a danger. In the Swedish
provinces of North and West Botten such companies
are said to hold respectively 21 and 13 per cent. of
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