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punished in the most horrible way. The culprits were cut
in pieces, burnt alive, boiled alive in kettles, etc.
This fiend of a vojevode was replaced by a certain
Priktonsky, under whose rule the Yakuts made, in 1682,
their last effort to throw off the foreign yoke. Many
sectarians and some Kossacks joined the rebels. The revolt
was suppressed and followed by the usual monstrous
cruelties. One of the leaders of the revolt, Dschennik, for
example, who had been wounded and brought to Yakutsk,
was skinned alive! Those who were left of the beaten
Yakuts fled to the Vilui, Yana, and Kolyma.
The reform-movement which passed over European Russia
in the beginning of the 18th century did not at all touch
the far-off Yakuts. Only larger and denser did the throngs
of exiles sent to Yakutsk become, and they increased still
more during the troublous times immediately after the death
of Peter I., many of the noblest and greatest sons of Russia
being expatriated to the distant tundras of Yakutsk to be
buried alive near the Arctic sea. The vojevodes still
continued to rule as tsars in Yakutsk, official “Revisors,” who
were sent there to investigate into their rule, were
imprisoned, knouted, and sent back to Irkutsk.
During the 19th century, with its unsuccessful efforts in
the direction of political and religious reform, the stream of
political and sectarian exiles to Yakutsk, together with
that of common criminals, constantly grew in volume. The
barbarous rule of the past has, it is true, been modified
during the last few decades, but yet as late as 1889 such
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