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and, through the utilization of the saccharine qualities
of the “bear’s claw,”[1] a distillery was also to be
established on the peninsula of Kamchatka. It is
unnecessary to say that all of these propositions were
buried in the Siberian government departments.
Calculations were made for a six years’ expedition.
The leaders of each branch of the expedition were
authorized to repeat any unsuccessful adventure the
succeeding summer. All were prepared for a long
stay in the extreme northeast—many, indeed,
remained there forever—hence, most of the officers,
among them Bering and Spangberg, were
accompanied by their wives and children. On this account
the expedition seemed more than ever a national
migration on a small scale.
The first start was made February 1, 1733.
Spangberg, with some laborers and the heaviest
marine stores, went directly to Okhotsk to expedite the
ship-building on the Pacific coast. Lieutenant Ofzyn
went to Kazan to collect supplies. Bering started
out March 18, in order as quickly as possible to
reach Tobolsk, whence the first Arctic expedition was
to be sent out. In the course of the summer, the
larger caravans arrived at this place. Simultaneously
heavy supplies were brought in from West Siberia by
Bering’s men. Here, also, the construction of the
vessel for the expedition, the shallop Tobol, was
begun. Only the Academists were yet in St.
Petersburg, where they were receiving the attention of the
official world. At an audience, the Empress bade
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