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STUDIES IN PH LE UM ARENARIUM
367
other method has been given. As the synonymy of the Phleum species
in Southern Europé and Asia Minor is very confused, and as
further-more their taxonomical and phvtogeographical conditions are
imper-fectlv investigated, the different opinions concerning the
comprehen-sion of Piil. arenarium and related forms have involved great disorder
wilhin some parts of the genus. Some of these questions, having a
special significance for the problems in question, will here be discussed
only in brief.
Firstlv, we have to set forth as an introductory observation that
Piil. arenarium has a rather isolated position in the North European
flora, the other northern representative for the Sectio Chilochloa (PH.)
Link, Piil. phleoides L., being taxonomically sharply separated from
it. Ön the contrary, forms with a great ecological and morphological
resemhlance cail be found lo a large extent within the Mediterranean
Area, above all in the east of it, where the frequency of forms and
the richness of variation reach their maxima in this genus.
Aniong the great nuniber of Phleum forms in those districts occur
also the following ones, which in some way or other have been brought
into connection with the complicated question as to the comprehension
of Phl. arenarium. The synonymy is nol complete, having been
re-stricted to what is most essential in this connection.
1. Phleum arenarium L.,
Sp. pl., cd. 1 (1753) p. 60.
ssp. eu-arenarium IIayek,
Prodi-, Fl. Penins. Båle.. Ill, 2 (1932) p. 345.
Boissier, Fl. Orient., V (1884) p. 481; Post, FI. of Syr., Pal. and Sinai, 11,
ed. 2 (1933) p. 718; de Halaczy, Consp. FI. Graec., III (1904) p. 347, ctiam Suppl.
Consp. (1908) p. III. cl in Mag. Hol. Lap. XI (1912) p. 87 pro parte. — Phleum
arenarium v. tijpicum FlORI ct PaOLETTI, Fl. d’llalia, 1 (1896) p. 58; Fiori, Nuova
Fl. Anal. d’llalia, I (1923) p. 89.
ssp. aegaeum Vierhapper,
Verhandl. Zool. liot. Ges. Wien, LXIX (1920) p. 304.
Hayek, Prodr. FI. Penins. Båle., III. 2 (1932) p. 345. — Phleum arenarium
de Halaczy, Consp. FI. Graec. III (1904) p. 347, ctiani Suppl. Consp. (1908) p. 111,
ct in Mag. Bol. Lap. XI (1912) p. 87 pro parte.
2. Phleum exaratum Grisebach,
Spicil. FI. Rurael., II (1844) p. 463.
Bornmüller in Mag. Bot. Lap., XXXII (1933) p. 141, et in oper. post.; Nan
Phleum exaratum Hochstetter in Kotschy, Alep. Kurd. Sched. (1843) (non vidi)
ex Boissier, Fl. Orient., V (1884) p. 481. — Phleum graecum Boissier et Heldreich
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