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Pioneer Settlement
As the first era of discovery in Canada came to an end, some settlement
had begun on the eastern seaboard.
The lucrative fur trade provided the first impetus. Later, Europeans came
to escape persecution, or to create for themselves a new way of life. The first
successful settlement was made by Samuel de Champlain, on the north shore
of the St. Lawrence. This established, the movement inland began with the
founding of Montreal in 1642 in the name of France by Maisonneuve. The
town of York which later became Toronto was created by Governor Simcoe
as an English settlement.
The pioneer days in these communities were strenuous but there was much
gaiety abroad at the communal “‘bees’’ of barn-raising, planting and harvest-
ing. The fur trade was further responsible for the expansion of the western
and pacific regions. In 1670 the Hudson’s Bay Company was granted a charter,
giving them a monopoly of trade in the whole area accessible through Hudson
Strait. In that year a trading post was built at York Factory, on Hudson’s
Bay and in succeeding years posts were established throughout the west,
some of them destined to grow into major Canadian cities.
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