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FENNIA 66, N;o 4 11
b. The southern and northern halves.
Class of land use South Finland North Finland
1936—38 1 1922—23 1936—38 1 1922—23
hectares
I. Productive forest land .... 12 020 000 12 246100 7 560 000 7 891 900
II. Poor productive forest land 2 240 000 1 973 700 3 020 000 3 151 800
1+II. Total forest area ................14 260 000 14 219 800 10 580 000 11043 700
III. Waste land ..........................1 393 000 1 229100 4 307 000 3 803 600
IV. Cultivated land, building
sites, roads etc..................3 907 000 3 790 000 403 000 273 700
Total land area 19 560 000 19 238 900 15 290 000 15 121 000
A comparison of the present figures with the results of the survey
in 1922—23 suffers from the alteration of the total land area, especially
owing to the fact that the alteration is not evenly distributed over the
different parts of the country and the different classes of land use.
Before attempting a comparison it should also be mentioned that the
differences are not actual in all cases, at least not to their full extent,
seeing that the limits between adjoining classes of land use are not
sharply defined and undisputed. In extreme cases a land figure may
be referred to either one adjoining class of land use or another. For
instance, a pine swamp producing moderate forest may in some cases
be included in the I class of land use, in others in the II; a pine swamp
almost devoid of forest may be referred either to the II or III class
and so on. It should also be noted that the results obtained both now
and earlier — as is invariably the case with regard to results obtained
by means of representative materials — contain an element of
uncertainty. Thus, an examination of the results of the survey made in
1922—23, when checked on the basis of the methods of the theory of
probability, showed that the uncertainty of the figure of 25.2 6 million
ha for the forest area amounted to about 1—2 per cent, i.e. the forest
area was between about 24.7 5 and 25.7 5 million hectares.
The difficulty of comparison is further increased by the fact that
the term »forest land», both productive and poor productive, is now
rather more strictly defined than in the earlier survey. Part of the
land that forms the lowest limit and was formerly included in the
class »productive forest land» — fairly poor swamp and stony soil — is
now referred to the class »poor productive forest land», and land that
is poorer in yield than the latter class — swamps, rocky ground and
f jelds closely resembling waste land in character — to the class »waste
land».
In view of all this, and when endeavouring to convert the results
of the previous survey to accord with present definitions, it may be
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