Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - II. Udsigt over skibsvæsenet i Norge fra de ældste tider indtil middelalderens slutning / Review of the condition and progress of shipping in Norway, from the earliest period, to the close of the middle ages
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forskjellige kanter af landet, men altid nær søen, frem-
kommet ikke faa begravelser med sikre vidner om, at
den eller de døde, og det af begge kjøn, have været ned-
lagt i større eller mindre farkoster. Næsten overalt”)
var dog træverket enten brændt sammen med den døde,
eller for største delen bortsmuldret ved sin lange hen-
liggen i jorden, saaledes at vi ej kunde faa nogen fore-
stilling hverken om gravskibets størrelse og form, eller
Kun i et
eneste tilfælde blev dette tildels opnaaet, da den farkost,
om, hvordan dets retning var i forhold til søen.
som nu henstaar i det ene skur paa universitetets tomt, i
1867 blev trukket frem af en gravhaug paa gaarden Hau-
gen i Tune, ikke langt fra Sarpsborg. Men ogsaa her
var meget af træverket bortraadnet, og desuden hele be-
gravelsen tidligere forstyrret, inden dens undersøgelse kom
under professor OQ. Rygh’s sagkyndige ledning*). Det
viste sig her for første gang, som i flere af vore gamle
skrifter, at skibet stod med forenden mod søen eller
Glommen, ligesom færdigt til under den begravnes led-
ning at føres ud paa det element, hvor det egentlig hørte
hjemme. Ligesom Nydamsbaaden er det af ek, paa enkelte
mindre undtagelser nær; ligeledes ere bordene sammen-
føjede med klinknagler og gjennem de i træet udspa-
rede klamper bundne til spanterne, dog ikke helt op
som i Nydamsbaaden, da de øverste bord ved trænagler
fæstes til knæerne. Dertil kommer, at spanterne tvers
over ere forbundne med flere sammenlagte plankestyk-
ker, og at skibet har en virkelig kjøl. Skjønt kjølen
kun er 13.65 m. lang eller omtrent 1.70 m. kortere end
i den slesvigske baad, er dog skibet baade højere end
Ved siden af
sin større styrke og en større fuldkommenhed i udførel-
sen af det hele arbeide, hvad der ogsaa kunde ventes af
de 400—500 aar, som ligge mellem begge farkoster,
denne og bredere paa midten (4.3 m.).
har Tunebaaden paa grund af sin mast ogsaa været
sejlskib, men var vel forliden til at vove sig tversover
Nordsøen, hvorimod vistnok til Danmark og Østersøen.
At skibet tillige kunde drives frem med aarer, maa
ansees sikkert. Derimod var der intet levnet, hvoraf
man kunde se den indretning, der tjente som støtte for
aarerne; dog kan det vel neppe antages, at skibet i
12
- control*).
various times and in different parts of the country, —
always however near the sea, — not a few tombs have
been brought to light with certain proofs that the
deceased person or persons and that of both sexes,
were laid for sepulture in larger or smaller vessels.
Almost everywhere!), the woodwork had either been
burned with the corpse, or had for the greatest part
decayed through its long rest in the earth, so that no
sure idea could be obtained either of the form or the
dimensions of the sepulchre-ship or of the position
relatively to the sea in which it had been placed.
Only in a solitary instance was this point partially at-
tained, when the vessel now deposited in one of the
sheds on the University ground in 1867 was taken
out of a barrow on the farm named Haugen in the
parish of Tune, not far from Sarpsborg. But also in
this instance much of the wood was found altogether
rotted, and in addition to this mishap, the place of sepul-
ture had previously been- much disturbed, before the
research was committed to Professor O. Rygh’s skilful
Now for the first time, it was clearly shown,
as recorded in many of our ancient writings, that the
vessel had been placed with her prow, sea - or Glom-
men - ward, ready, as it were, under the command of
her sepultured inhabitant, to put forth on the element
that was her virtual home. This vessel, like the Nydam’s
boat, is all but entirely of oak. The planking is put
together with iron rivets and attached to the frames
boat,
the topmost plank
To: this
may be added, that the frames are united by cross-
Although
the keel is only 13.65 m. long and consequently 1.70 m.
shorter than in the Slesvig boat, the vessel is both higher
by projections, but not as in the Nydam’s
through out the
being fastened to the knees with trenails.
whole length,
beams, and that the vessel has a true keel.
and broader (by 4.3 m.) amidships. In addition to greater
strength and a much greater completeness in the execution
of all the workmanship, a fact which might have been
anticipated in consequence of the lapse of between four
or five centuries that lie between the making of both
vessels, the later of the vessels had the advantage of a
mast, and must therefore have been a sailing craft, though
doubtless too small to have ventured across the Northsea,
but might however have voyaged to Denmark and the
Baltic. It must also be assumed as indubitable, that this
vessel might be propelled by oars, though nothing re-
mained of any contrivance to serve as rest for the oars.
1) N. Fornleyn. p. 20, 179, 245, 551; Aarsber. f. Foren, t. norske Fortidsmindesm. Bevar. 1869, 94; 1879, 292; 1880, 45; K. RyscH, faste
fornlevn. og oldsag. i nordre og søndre Throndhjems amt p. 241.
2) Cfr. Skilling-Magazin 1867 p. 717—719, 724, 738—739, Polytekn. Tidsskr. for 1867.
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