be navigated within the belt of sheltering islands called the Skjzrgaard. The limit of territorial waters in Norway is fixed at four nautical miles (one-fifteenth of a meridian degree) from the outermost islet which is not overflowed by the sea (ebb-tide). Within this limit the Norwegian Government has police jurisdiction, and other than Norwegian subjects are not permitted to fish within this area. Since 1920 Svalbard (the Spitsbergen Islands and Bear Island, 62,920 sq. km.) and since May 8, 1929 Jan Mayen (371.8 sq. km.) have belonged to Norway. : In the Antarctic, Norway has held possession of Bouvet Is. since 1930 and Peter I. Island since 1931. These islands are very small and uninhabit- able, and are more particularly intended to serve as points of support for Norwegian whalers in southern seas. Geology. A characteristic feature of the geology of Norway is that the rock surface consists of very old formations, to a very great extent of bedrock (usually gneiss, but a good deal of granite, which is younger). There are several very exten- sive bedrock areas. On the surface of the bedrock the younger strata have been deposited in the early ages of the earth. From the Tertiary epoch geological formations are not known in Norway, and from the Secondary epoch they exist only at one place, namely, on the island of Andgen in 16