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580 MUSCLES.
According to Starkenstein the free inosite is without importance
and is only a decomposition product of metabolism; of importance,
especially for young, growing individuals is according to this worker
only the phytin, which is decomposed in the intestine by bacteria, and in
the tissues by enzymes, and correspondingly supplies phosphoric acid and
lime to the organism while the inosite is excreted as a valueless cleavage
product. The free inosite in the animal body originates according to
Starkenstein from the inositephosphoric acid and in this sense the
assumption of Rosenberger1
as to the occurrence of an inositogen in the
animal body, is substantiated.
Inosite, which almost without exception is inactive mesoinosite,
crystallizes in large, colorless, rhombic crystals of the monoclinic sys-
tem, or, if not pure and if only a small quantity crystallizes, it forms
groups of fine crystals similar to cauliflower. It loses its water of crys-
tallization at 110° C, also if exposed to the air for a long time. Such
exposed crystals are non-transparent and milk-white. The crystals
melt at 225° C. when dry. Inosite dissolves in 7.5 parts of water at
ordinary temperature, and the solution has a sweetish taste. It is insoluble
in strong alcohol and in ether. It dissolves cupric hydrate in alkaline
solutions, but does net reduce on boiling. It gives negative results with
Moore’s test and with Bottger-Almen’s bismuth test. It does not
ferment with beer-yeast, but may undergo lactic- and butyric-acid fer-
mentation. With an excess of nitric acid inosite is oxidized to rhodizonic
acid, and the following reaction depends upon this.
If inosite is evaporated to dryness on paltinum-foil with nitric acid
and the residue treated with ammonia and a drop of calcium chloride
solution and carefully re-evaporated to dryness, a beautiful rose-red
residue is obtained (Sherer’s inosite test). If we evaporate an inosite
solution to incipient dryness and moisten the residue with a little mer-
curic nitrate solution, there is obtained a yellowish residue on drying
which becomes a beautiful red on strongly heating. The coloration
disappears on cooling, but it reappears on gently warming (Gallois’
inosite test) . Other inosite reactions have been suggested by Deniges 2
and others.3
To prepare inosite from a liquid or from a watery extract of a tissue,
the proteins are first removed by coagulation at boiling heat. The filtrate
1
Meillere, Journ. d. Chim. et Pharm. (6) 28; Starkenstein, Zeitschr. f. exp. Path,
u. Therap. 5, Bioch. Zeitschr. 30 and Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem. 58; Rosenberger,
ibid., 56, 57 and 58.
2
Compt. rend. soc. biol., 62.
3
In regard to the salts of phytin and compounds of inosite see Anderson, Journ.
of biol. Chem. 11 and 12.
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