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GLYCOGEN. 581
is precipitated by sugar of Lead, this filtrate boiled with basic lead acetate
and allowed to stand 24-48 hours. The precipitate thus obtained,
which contains all the inosite, is decomposed in water by HfeS. The
nitrate is strongly concentrated, treated with 2-4 vols, hot alcohol, and
the liquid removed as soon as possible from the tough or flaky masses
which ordinarily separate. If no crystals separate from the liquid within
twenty-four hours, then treat with ether until the liquid has a milky
appearance and allow it to stand. In the presence of a sufficient quantity
of ether, crystals of inosite separate within twenty-four hours. The
crystals thus obtained, as also those which are directly obtained from the
alcoholic solution, are recrystallized by redissolving in very little boiling
water and adding 2-A vols, of alcohol. Meillere l
and others have
suggested mollifications in the methods for detecting and quantitatively
estimating inosite.
Scyllite is a body which is isomeric with inosite, according to Joh. Muller, 2
and which was found long ago in the kidneys, liver and spleen of Plagiostomata
and also in the plant kingdom as cocosite and quercinite. Scyllite crystallizes
in shining prisms, is soluble in water 1:100 at 18° C, is similar to inosite in its
reactions, but has a much higher melting-point, namely about 360° C. From
the adductor muscles of the Mytilus Janssen 3
has isolated a substance, called
mytilite which is crystalline, soluble with , difficulty in cold water and readily sol-
uble in hot water, and having the formula C6Hi2Oo.2H20. He claims that it is
stereisometric with the alcohol quercite.
Glycogen is a constant constituent of the living muscle, while it may
be absent in the dead muscle. The quantity of glycogen varies in the
different muscles of the same animal and according to Maignon this
is not only true for the same muscles in both halves of the body but also
for different parts of the same muscle. Bohm found 10 p. m. glycogen
in the muscles of cats, and moreover he found a smaller amount in the
muscles of the extremities than in those of the rump. Moscati found an
average of 4 p. m. in human muscles, and Schondorff 4
has found a
maximum of 37.2 p. m. in the dog-muscle. Reports as to the quantity
of glycogen in the heart are conflicting; although the heart is considered
as somewhat poorer in glycogen than the other muscles, still this difference
is not very great, and can be explained by the ready disappearance of
glycogen from the heart after death, as well as after starvation and
after strong work (Boruttatj, Jensen 5
). Work and food have a great
influence upon the quantity of glycogen. Bohm found 1-4 p. m.
glycogen in the muscles of fasting animals, and 7-10 p. m. after partak-
^ompt. rend. soc. biol., 60, and Journ. d. Chim. et Pharni. (6), 24; see also
Starkenstein, Zeitschr. f. exp. Path. u. Ther., 5.
2
Ber. d. d. chem. Gesellsch., 40.
3
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 85.
4
Maignon, Journ. de physiol. et d. path. 10 Bohm, Pfluger’s Arch., 23, 44; Schon-
dorff, ibid., 99; Moscati, Hofmeister’s Beitrage, 10.
6
Boruttau, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 18; Jensen, ibid., 35.
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