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PUS. BILE ACIDS. 799
names indicate, seem to stand in close relation to the blood-coloring matters.
UroTubrohccmatin, CosHniNgFeiOj*, contains iron and shows in acid solution an
absorption-hand in front of D and a broader one back of D. In alkaline solution
it shows four bands—behind D, at E, beyond F, and behind G. It is not soluble
either in water, alcohol, ether, or chloroform. It gives a beautiful brownish-red
non-dichroic liquid with alkalies. Urofuscohoematin, CssHiobNsC^, which is free
from iron, shows no characteristic spectrum; it dissolves in alkalies, producing
a brown color. It remains to be proven whether these two pigments are related
to (impure) lueinatoporphyrin.
Melanin. In the presence of melanotic cancers dark pigments are some-
times eliminated with the urine. K. Morner has isolated two pigments from
such a urine, of which one was soluble in warm 50-75 per cent acetic acid, while
the other, on the contrary, was insoluble. The one seemed to be phymatorhusin
(see Chapter XV). Usually the urine does not contain any melanin, but a
chromogen of melanin, a meianogen. In such cases the urine gives Eislet’s
reaction, becoming dark-colored with oxidizing agents, such as concentrated
nitric acid, potassium bichromate, and sulphuric acid, as well as with free sulphuric
acid. They also give Thormahlen’s reaction namely a beautiful blue coloration
with sodium nitroprusside and then acetic acid. Urine containing melanin or
meianogen is colored black by a ferric-chloride solution (v. Jaksch *)
In a case of melanotic sarcoma H. Eppinger 2
has isolated from the urine
a crystalline meianogen of the composition C9 Hi2 N2S04, and which was insoluble
in ether. It gave the ordinary meianogen reactions and, according to him is
probably an amidated ethereal sulphuric acid of methylpyrrolidinoxycarboxylic
acid, which is derived from tryptophane.
Pus occurs in the urine in various inflammatory affections, especially
in catarrh of the bladder and in inflammation of the pelvis of the
kidneys, or of the urethra.
Pus is best detected by means of the miscroscope. The pus-cells are
rather easily destroyed in alkaline urines. In detecting pus we make
use of Donne’s pus test, which is performed in the following way: Pour
off the urine from the sediment as carefully as possible, place a small
piece of caustic alkali on the sediment, and stir. If the pus-cells have
not been previously changed, the sediment is converted by this means
into a slimy tough mass.
The pus-corpuscles swell up in alkaline urines, and dissolve, or at least
are so changed that they cannot be recognized under the microscope.
The urine in these cases is more or less slimy or fibrous, and the proteid
can be precipitated in large flakes by acetic acid, so that it might possibly
be mistaken for mucin. The closer investigation of the precipitate
produced by acetic acid, and especially the appearance or non-appearance
of a reducing substance after boiling it with a mineral acid, demonstrates
the nature of the precipitated substance. Urine containing pus always
contains proteid.
Bile-acids. The reports in regard to the occurrence of bile-acids in the
urine under physiological conditions do not agree. According to Dragen-
dorff and Hone traces of bile-acids occur in the urine; according to Mao
^hormahlen, Virchow’s Arch., 108; v. Jaksch, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 13.
1 Bioch. Zeitschr., 28.
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