Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - III. Constitution and Administration. Introd. by E. Hildebrand - 2. State Administration. By E. Söderberg - Official Cartography. By A. H. Byström
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■2-20
III. CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION.
vey, which was placed under the direction of the head of the
Topographical Section of the General Staff.
The Ordnance Survey, whose function is to draw up and publish geodetically
based economic and topographical maps of the kingdom with the necessary
descriptions, works in three sections — a geodetic and a topographical section, and
a section for economic and fundamental maps.
The staff, including the head, consists of 5 officers of the General Staff,
several officers and non-commissioned officers from the Army told off for the
purpose, the professor of the General Staff, 2 observators, 6 geodeticians, a
superintendent of the economic and fundamental maps, 18 cartographers, 3 civil
topographers, 12 male engravers and draughtsmen, 8 female draughtsmen,
aspirants and a treasurer.
Both the economic and the topographical measurements are based on the
fundamental maps taken over from the Land-survey maps and joined together
with the help of triangulation properly supplemented by actual measurements in
the field.
The economic maps are drawn on a scale of 1 : 20 000, the topographical
maps on a scale of 1 : 50 000, except in various parts of northern Sweden,
where the scale is 1 : 100 000.
The economic maps have so far been issued according to the hundreds
(härad) on a scale of 1 : 50 000 — or, exceptionally, on a scale of 1 : 100 000 —
and since 1871 only on condition that the provincial agricultural society or the
county council make grant in aid. The maps are accompanied by descriptions.
For the läns of Malmöhus and Västmanland the economic maps are on a
scale of 1 : 20 000.
Economic hundred-maps on a scale of 1 : 50 000 have been published for
seven läns; on a scale of 1 : 100 000 for a number of assize-divisions in the län
of Norrbotten; and for the upper assize-divisions in the hundred of Älvdal in
the län of Värmland.
Plans are at present under discussion for the publication at the State’s
expense of economic maps in polyconic projection on a scale of 1 : 20 000, of the
whole country, with the exception of Lappland, in the course of fifty years.
The topographical maps published for the southern part of the country are on
the scale of 1 : 100 000 in rectangular sheets with the meridian 5 ° west of
Stockholm as the point of departure; for the northern part of the country the
scale is 1 : 200 000 (polyconic projection/ The approximate border-line of the two
scales of publication is formed by parallel 61" 30’. A small region north of
this parallel along the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia has been published on the scale
of 1 : 100 000 (polyconic projection). The maps on the 1 : 200 000 scale north
of the parallel 63° 30’ are economico-topographical, that is to say, they include
not only indications as to the nature of the ground but also economic features
(see the map on p. 230 showing the divisions adopted, where is set forth the
state of things existing in the middle of 1914).
On the basis of the topographical maps the Ordnance Survey is preparing an
orographical map of Sweden on the scale of 1 : 500 000 in 15 sheets, of which
11 have so far been published. There have also been published a general map
on the scale of 1 : 1 000 000 and county maps on a scale of 1 : 200 000 for 11
läns (publication of which was discontinued in 1879).
The Nautical Chart Office (Sjökarteverket). The functions of the old
Land-surveying Service included coast and marine surveys. Fairly soon,
however, this work was also taken over and performed by private persons. It
was in 1756 that the State took over marine surveys by ordering the Board
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