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geology and mineralogy.
599
In 1766 T. Bergman (1735—84) published his famous work, "Fysisk
beskrivning över jordklotet" (A Physical Description of the Globe), which may
be said to have paved the way for Werner even more definitely than did the
work of Linnæus. The work in question contains many important statements
regarding the formation and classification of the earth’s strata, their changes,
dislocations, etc., statements bearing witness to whjit was, for that day, an
unusually clear scientific insight into geological problems. Among other facts
Bergman drew attention to the sediment deposited at the bottom of the sea being of
necessity a contributory cause to the raising of the level of the water; that idea
in recent times has been taken up and made further use of in the same
direction. — D. Tilas (1712—72), S. G. Hermelin (1744—1820), and V. Hisinger
(1766—1852) also made themselves noted in the field of geological research, the
two last-named more especially by their geological maps. It may truly be said
that even in the 18th century Swedish geologists were engaged in pursuing a
course of investigation of their own, and that they were quite abreast of,
indeed in some respects in front of, their contemporaries abroad.
Axel Erdmann.
At the beginning of the 19th century N. G. Sefström (1787 —1845) attracted
notice by the published results of his observations regarding the striæ scored
on the surface of the rocks and as to the regularity of their direction. At
about this time paleontology began to come to the front in Sweden, mainly
owing to the work of V. Hisinger, G. Wahlenberg (1780—1851), V. Dalman
(1787—1828), S. Nilsson (1787—1883), and still more to that of N-
P-Angelin (1805—76), who classified the Swedish Silurian strata according to
the fossil animals found in them. One of the foremost investigators in the
field of paleontology in the latter part of the 19th century was Gustav Lind-
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