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tions commenced again on July 24Ih, 1879, at Port Clarence
and was continued during the cruise of the Vega in the
Behring Sea until August 7th.
The available material for scientific investigation
consisted of:
1). A complete series of observations regarding the
temperature and specific gravity of sea-water from different depths.
2). Annotations concerning the percentage of chlorine in
samples of water and ice found by titration on board the ship.
As far as regards the samples of ice water these titrations are
recorded in chapter 5 of the preceding paper. According to
the annotations these determinations seem to have been
executed by Nordenskiöld, Palander, Almqvist and
other members of the expedition.
3). A collection of about 30 water-samples 1 sealed up
in flasks of 250 cc. each. Among these I found 4 specimens
of melted rossol and of very concentrated brines collected on
cold winter days from the surface of ice-floes.
4) The thermometer (Aderman) and one of the areometers
(also by Aderman) employed in the hydrographic
measurements (for waters of the spec, gravity from I.0290 to I.0150).
It must be obvious to the reader that our discussion of
the hydrographic conformation of the Siberian sea must be
based principally 011 the observations 1). In order to calculate
the percentage of salt in the waters from their spec, gravity
the latter must be referred to one common standard of
temperature.
The advantage of choosing the point of 0° C for this
purpose is so great, that 1 dare say, that every calculus based
upon an other principle, instead of simplifying the matter,
would prove to be an unnecessary complication.
In the sixth column of the following tables I, II, III & IV
the temperatures of the water-samples in situ are recorded. We
may see from this, that zero is the natural point of comparison,
aye, almost the arithmetical mean of these numbers, the greater
part of the temperatures being situated a few degrees above
or below 0° C. The only exception is due to the warm water
of slight specific weight from the surface, especially in the
vicinity of the rivers. A few metres lower the usual temperature
of the water, from — 2° to + 1° or + 2° C, prevails almost
1 The original number, which was far greater, was reduced to this,
every flask being rejected, which was not authentically signed or
hermetically closed.
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