A short practical and easy method of learning the old Norsk tongue or Icelandic language / 11 (1869) Author: Rasmus Rask Table of Contents / Innehåll | << Previous | Next >>
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Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Part I - Inflection of Words - I. The Noun - IInd. Declension

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56. Some words of this declension allow a j or v to creep
in before terminations which begin with a vowel, not however
j before i, rarely v before u. This seems to be a remnant of
terminations in i or u which were originally in these words.

57. The inserted letter v protects a preceding ö (or au)
from changing into a or á (see § 32) if it terminates in a it
has the same effect as u. In the Plural of the Fem. the in
serted v takes the old termination in ar

Sing.	Nom.	frœ (fræ)	saungr̓	ör
Acc.		frœ	saung	ör
Dat.		frœvi	saungvi	öru (ör)
Gen.		frœs	saungs	örvar
Plural	Nom.	frœ	saungvar	örvar
Acc.		frœ	saungva	örvar
Dat.		frœvum (om)	saungum (om)	örum (om)
Gen.		frœva;	saungva;	örva.

58. The inserted letter j requires the Masculine to drop
the entire termination (ji) in the Sing. Dat. and to take in
the plural ir Acc. i. but the feminine always takes the ar, so
that it terminates in jar, as;

Sing.	Nom.	nes (neck of land)	dreingr̓	ben (wound)
Acc.		nes	dreing	ben
Dat.		nesi	dreing	ben
Gen.		ness	dreings	benjar
Plural	Nom.	nes	dreingir	benjar
Acc.		nes	dreingi	benjar
Dat.		nesjum	dreingjum	benjum
Gen.		nesja;	dreinja; [[** da: dreing!ja **]]	benja.

59. But there are a number of masculines with simple vowels
or consonants before r̓, [[** dansk har apostrof før r, se komm. avsn 54 **]] which also drop the i in the Sing. Dat.
who take in the Nom. and Acc. Plur. ir, and i without
inserting j — equally a number of fem. ending in -íng, -úng or
in r̓ [[** dansk har apostrof før r **]] (or i) which take ar in the plural without the insertion
of either v or j as:

Sing.	Nom.	dalʼr (dale)	drottníng (queen)	veiðʼr (veiði) (chase, hunt) [[** her oppstår avviket pånytt ; ut fra forklaringen ovenfor må ’r være settefeil for r͗: men tilsvarende i dansk, se kommentar pkt 54 **]]
Acc.		dal	drottníng	veiði
Dat.		dal	drottníngu	veiði
Gen.		dals	drottníngar	veiðar
Plur.	Nom.	dalir	drottníngar	veiðar
Acc.		dali	drottníngar	veiðar
Dat.		dölum	drottníngum	veiðum
Gen.		dala;	drottnínga;	veiða.

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