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- Part I
- Inflection of Words
- V. Particles
- The Formation of Words
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[[** tabell forts. fra forrige s., ikke tilpasset her **]]
inni | innar | innst | within |
uppi | ofar (efra) | ofarst (efst) | up |
niðri | neðar | neðst | beneath. |
The n. g. of the adjective in the 1st and 2nd degree has often
two forms with different significations as:
utar, outside (opposite the door, but visible),
ytra, without (out of sight),
leingr and skemr, shorter, only of time,
leingra and skemra, shorter, only of place.
*
The Formation of Words.
161. The formation of words, much resembles the Danish,
but it is more lively, richer and more certain. We do not
intend to enter here into a minute disquisition, but one of the
chief sources of derivation deserves attention, it is the
Imperfect of the 2nd Order. From the plural are derived:
162. A) Nouns, such as:
dráp, from drep, dráp, drápum;
nám from nem, nam, námum;
fengr from fæ, fèkk, fengum;
sœri from sver, sór;
hlœgi from hlæ, hlóg;
fundr from finn, fann, fundum;
sprúnga from spring, sprakk, sprúngum;
hvarf from hverf, hvarf;
stig from stíg, steig, stigum;
bit from bít, beit, bitum;
saungr (söngr) from sýng, saung (söng).
Sometimes there is no difference at all, and the noun
seems to be the genuine old Imperfect, as:
bragð from bregð, brá;
boð from býð, bauð;
skot from skýt, skaut.
The plural brugðum seems to be formed from bragð and
not from brá; also stigum from stig, not from steig,
bitum from bit, not from beit; buðum, Conj. form byði,
from boð, not from bauð; skutum, Conj. form skyti,
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